Homemade Solar Energy System : Screen Printing

Learn how to Screen Print. Screen printing is done all over the world by very large printing companies right down to the guy who does it at home in his basement. Screen printing was first discovered by the Chinese hundreds of years ago. It is a very
simple process that anyone can do. The Chinese first used silk to use in there wood frames to print with, then as time went on better material was made to print with
For many years, Photowatt has been a European leader in the manufacture of
photovoltaic (PV) solar cells. Since 1997, the company, based at Bourgoin-Jallieu, near Lyon, France, has been a part of ATS (Automation Tooling Systems), a large
multinational concern with its headquarters in Toronto, Canada. ATS specializes in the fabrication of automated production lines for the automotive and electronics industries.
ATS's fully-automated solar cell lines
The company's parent, ATS, has a strong background in the automation of
manufacturing processes. This has enabled Photowatt to install two new fullyautomated
high volume PV cell and module manufacturing lines which are shown in the
photo on the right. These lines started operating in 2000 and can undertake the screen
printing of the rear and front metallisation pastes, drying and firing of the pastes,
deposition of the anti-reflective coating (ARC), sorting, ribbon soldering, lamination of
the protective insulation layer and module assembly.
Today, the standard size of a multi-crystalline Si cell is 125 x 125 mm (5 inches square)
with a thickness of 300 Mm. Using a titanium dioxide anti-reflective coating, Photowatt's
solar cell efficiency was about 13 per cent. More recently, using new silicon nitride antireflective
coating technology, this efficiency has been improved to over 15 per cent on
the company's own multi-crystalline silicon. DuPont Microclrcuit Materials has been
In 2001, the PV market grew by 39 per cent, based on power in megawatts (MWp), and
Photowatt is well positioned to take advantage of this buoyant market. Like most
large PV manufacturers, the company has increased capacity every year to cope with
demand and, between 1995 and 2002, its production capacity has increased 10-fold,
from 2 to 20 MW. Photowatt has an advantage in the industry by being a vertically-integrated PV cell manufacturer with the capability to produce solar panels from silicon feedstock. It can therefore control all of the intermediate processing and manufacturing steps, including ingot casting, silicon wire sawing,

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